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"I wish you were cold or hot, not lukewarm" doesn't mean Jesus prefers you hate him instead of "live on the fence"

6/17/2016

25 Comments

 
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Mental associations direct the way we interpret what people mean with their words. If the first place your mind goes is to the same meaning someone intends, communication works. But if you associate the words with the wrong meaning, you will misrepresent what someone means to say. That's a big deal when it's the Word of God.

A question that should push us all to study more carefully is: Are we mistaking the echo of our own assumptions for the meaning of God's Word?

If you haven't read it yet, Reenacting the Way (of Jesus) unwraps the commonly misunderstood messages of the Gospels. Jesus' healing miracles, turning water into wine, feeding the 5,000 and calming a storm all lose their meaning when we reduce them to miraculous moments that revealed Jesus' divinity. They had very specific meanings for their original audience not just some generic meaning for everyone.

​The same miscommunication happens when we chase the futuristic relevance of the book of Revelation rather than the reason John recorded it for his ancient audience. We miss Jesus'
personalized message for his first century audience in Asia Minor. Let’s stop doing this. Flattening the Bible's first meaning loosens the anchor that holds it from floating down the river of your imagination.

So let's talk about a specific example: being lukewarm. In the popular passage of Revelation 3:15-16, Jesus says, “I wish you were cold or hot, but because you are lukewarm, and neither hot nor cold, I will vomit you out of my mouth.” Why does Jesus want people made of extreme temperatures, like hot or cold, or else he will discard them?

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Common Interpretation of Jesus' Metaphor

The common sermon created from Revelation 3:15-16 is: Jesus wants you to be for him or against him, but not sitting on the fence. In other words, you need to make a decision about where your loyalties lie. The assumption is made that "hot" and "cold" are metaphors for a passionate commitment to or against Jesus. That makes sense to us. "Hot" and "cold" are often used to represent feelings toward something.

​But is that what people who lived in 1st Century Laodicea thought about "hot" and "cold"?

Life in ancient Laodicea

To understand Revelation 3:15-16, we have to understand John's audience (same is true for understanding the meaning of any Bible passage).
John recorded his visions in the book of Revelation as a message for seven communities in the Roman province of Asia (think present-day Western Turkey). Chapters 2-3 provide specific messages from Jesus in the form of 7 ancient Roman imperial edicts to remind each community to obey Jesus not Rome. The imperial format implies Jesus is Lord not Caesar. The seventh edict in Revelation 2-3 is written to the final city along the route a courier would take to deliver John’s apocalypse: Laodicea.
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The city rests on the hills south of the Lycus River valley opposite the city of Hierapolis on the north side. The Lycus River valley offered fertile soil to support a large agrarian population. The population of Laodicean may have reached over 150,000 people at its height based on the size of the theater ruins. The city had all the trimmings of a boomtown in the Roman period with giant bathhouses, a stadium, and a theater.

Laodicea was wealthy. Multiple industries fueled economic prosperity. The textile industry fueled the economy with significant export revenue coming from black wool products weaved so finely as to be rainproof. The commercial activity had made local banking centers noteworthy since the time of Cicero (~50 BC). A noted medical school at the temple of the Carian god, Men, produced eye ointment from local stone in the region. Doctors would shave off the outer layers of the rocks, grind them into a fine dust, and then submerge them into mineral water rich in calcium carbonate. The resulting eye ointment would then be applied to the outside of the eyes to clear up infection. The textiles, banking and medical ointments made Laodicea an independent economic powerhouse.

After a major earthquake in 60 AD, Laodicea refused Nero’s offer to subsidize their rebuilding efforts. The Roman historian Tacitus writes: “Laodicea, one of the famous Asiatic cities, was laid in ruins by an earthquake but recovered by its own resources without assistance from ourselves” (Annals 14:27).

The message from Jesus in Revelation 3:17-18 directly challenges Laodicea’s reliance on its wealth: “Because you say, ‘I am rich and have become wealthy and have need of nothing,’ and you do not know that you are wretched and miserable and poor and blind and naked, I advise you to buy from Me gold refined by fire so that you may become rich, and white garments so that you may clothe yourself… and eye salve to anoint your eyes so that you may see.” Do you see what Jesus is doing? Jesus essentially said every great thing in Laodicea is worthless since they valued worldly wealth rather than obeying the words of Jesus. He actually had what was truly valuable.

Jesus made a similar allusion to life in Laodicea when he talks about hot, cold, and lukewarm people.
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"Hot" and "Cold" in Historical Context

The large population and extensive textile industry in Laodicea required an ample water supply. The three major cities around the valley, Laodicea, Colossae, and Hierapolis, all had distinct water sources.
  • Laodicea piped water from the mountains to the south. After 6 miles in an aqueduct, the water arrived lukewarm with a gritty concentration of calcium carbonate.
  • Colossae was tucked into the foot of Mount Honaz where cold mountain run-off water poured down to supply the city with fresh water.
  • Hierapolis was positioned on magnificent hot springs that emitted mineral rich waters attracting visitors from all over Asia to its therapeutic baths.
All 3 cities lie around the Lycus river valley, but their water supplies distinguished them. Whereas Hierapolis had hot water beneficial for therapeutic purposes and Colossae had cold water for a refreshing drink, Laodicea’s piped water was best suited for the textile industry, or flushing the city’s plumbing system. If you ingested the water, it would function as an emetic causing you to vomit.

Do you see how this local dynamic reveals the meaning of Jesus’ message to Laodicea? Jesus uses their water supply as a spiritual metaphor. “I know your deeds, that you are neither cold nor hot; I wish that you were cold or hot. So because you are lukewarm, and neither hot nor cold, I will vomit you out of My mouth” (Revelation 3:15-16).


Colossae’s cold, fresh mountain water and Hierapolis’s medicinal hot springs outclassed Laodicea’s lukewarm water supply that made people vomit after drinking. Cold water and hot water sources had great personal value. Laodicea's lukewarm water had the same personal value that complacent members of the Laodicean church had to the cause of Christ. Not much.
Be Useful

Revelation 3:15-16 doesn't teach that Jesus prefers people to hate him or love him, just don't "sit on the fence." Jesus doesn't want anybody to hate him. That common teaching from this passage is not only crazy when you stop and think about it; it's bad Bible interpretation. Jesus isn't saying, "any decision is better than indecision." Jesus is telling us to serve a purpose. Hot water could heal. Cold water could refresh. We should bring a similar blessing to people around us.

We were meant to serve him. Our actions were meant to embody his values and contribute to his redemptive mission. When we just live for ourselves like the lukewarm water that contributed to the wealth engine of the Laodicean textile industry, we are useless. We lose our purpose while serving ourselves.

​Jesus is calling us to be hot or to be cold, to embrace our redemptive role in his mission. How are you doing it? I'm trying to make my life and my words "cold" for Jesus, refreshing the souls of those lost in a self-reliant rat race.
25 Comments
Colleen Rogers
6/24/2016 06:45:50 am

Excellent interpretation of Rev. 3:15-16! This Scripture certainly makes more sense to me now, praise GOD
<*///><

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Tonia Franklin
4/30/2017 06:24:47 am

Thanks for this insight. Speaking to my church on this today

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Daniel
7/29/2017 02:21:27 pm

Yes, you have to understand scripture as it was convade. This one is I believe miss directed by a lot of people. If you have had a real born again experience, even if you walk away, the Holly spirit will get your attention. He has done it for me many times. That's why I can say with gratitude, thank you Lord for saving me.

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earnestene janes
4/9/2018 05:31:23 pm

I didn't under stand. I do now

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Manjeet Paul. link
8/25/2019 07:54:21 pm

Very much appreciated and valuable for young believers.

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mary smith
7/8/2017 04:37:50 pm

Thank you, now I have a clearer understanding.

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Pascal Grenade
10/12/2017 01:55:43 pm

I appreciate the interpretation. However, here are some problems I have with it (I do not adhere to the traditional understanding of lukewarm).
1) While this interpretation would have been evident to the Laodiceans, it may not have been so evident to those in Pergamum. And, John intended this message to be read by all the churches.
2) You mention that the waters in Laodicea had great use for the textile industry. You did specify "no personal value", but it still was useful. This seems to undermine your point.
3) The interpretation suffers when we ask ourselves the same question about the waters of Hierapolis. They were good for medicinal purposes, but what good is that if we cannot drink it.
4) This interpretation relies too much on the background knowledge and does not sufficiently take into consideration clues in the text about the interpretation of lukewarmness. The phrase "I will vomit you out" is in a bilateral relation to 2 "oti" clauses: one before one after. The first "oti" clause "because you are lukewarm" is the cause of the vomiting, but is further explained by the second "oti" clause (Rev 3.17). Hence, to be lukewarm is to be self-deceived or deluded. To think oneself spiritually rich when one is actually poor. In this interpretation the extremes or hot and cold would correspond to the extremes of being spiritually rich, clothed and seeing as opposed to the other extreme of being spiritually poor, naked and blind. This point interpreted in the light of Jn 9.40-41 would be that it better for them to be spiritually poor and naked and realize their poverty and nakedness (i.e cold) than it is for them to be poor and think themselves rich (i.e Lukewarm).
I make these observations respectfully. Respect is not always easy to convey in a written note. Please let me know if you feel that there is any value to what I am suggesting.
Blessings in Christ,

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Pascal Grenade
12/29/2017 10:36:15 am

I would also add the following to what I have written above. Lukewarmness is a reference to nominal christians. Those who think themselves rich when they are spiritually poor, clothed when they are in fact naked etc . . . That lukewarmness is referring to nominal christians who do not have spiritual life is also supported by the following textual clues:
1. The language of "spitting out" communicates the idea of not belonging to God's rest--the new creation. c.f.:Lev 18.28; Lev 20.22. Jesus as the "beginning of God's creation" (Rev 3.14) is a reference to Jesus as the first fruit of God's new creation. Those who belong to the new creation are created after his image. The language of vomiting is then communicating the truth that the lukewarm person has no part in God's new creation.

2. The exhortation of Jesus to the church of Laodicea uses langauge exhorting people to salvation.
a. they did not have refined gold--c.f.: Mar 6.19-20; Luke 18.18-22. The Laodicean church may have been rich physically, and those riches were not good enough before God.
b. they did not have white garments
c.f.: white garments in Revelation often refers to those who obtain salvation (c.f.: Rev 4.4; Rev 6.9-11; Rev 7.9ff)
c. the church of Laodicea did not have spiritual sight
These 3 things are pictures of salvation and the Laodicean church did not have any of these.

3. Jesus exhorts the Laodicean church to true communion
Jesus is outside of the church and is not in fellowship with the church. Contrast that with the teaching of John concerning fellowship (c.f.: 1 Jn 1.3; Jn 1.11-12).

Again, I offer this point of view respectfully.

Blessings in Christ

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Paul Penley (author)
1/2/2018 11:03:30 am

Thanks for digging into these details about the message to Laodicea. It is important to remember that analogies and metaphors have 1 primary point of comparison. So when thinking about water sources in the 3 cities around the Lycus River Valley, we should be focused on identifying one dominant characteristic that was associated with the reputation of each city’s main water source. That dominant characteristic is what people in the region would know about that city and therefore it is what Jesus refers to in his metaphorical message meant specifically for Laodicea but intended to be understood by other people in the region. You have spelled out the self-deluded nature of their "Lukewarmness" well based on the context, even though you have missed the precise structural parallel between "Lukewarmness" and spiritual poverty on the one hand, and then on the other hand, "hot or cold" and spiritual richness. Your observation about the Greek "oti" clause is good literary analysis. All you need to see is that "hot or cold" are combined as one synonymous idea in verses 15 and 16 and then contrasted as one unit against being Lukewarm in verse 16. So the parallel structure in verse 17 links being lukewarm to spiritual poverty and then being "hot or cold" to spiritual maturity. Thanks for getting into the detailed Greek grammatical analysis!

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Bruce Lennon
11/9/2018 08:02:20 am

My "revealed" interpretation is Lukewarm means Indifference ...love or hate ,, hot or cold ....but not indifference ..you are either here not there...take it or leave it ....made to feel invisible ...

Carolyn Kinsey
10/12/2019 11:06:09 am

I appreciate both analogies and when studied together the picture is AWESOME. Thank you both.

Steve
5/9/2018 01:22:42 pm

Hebrew scholars tell us that there are 70 levels to the Word of God. if you can accept that this is truth,then 2nd Peter chapter 1 verse 20 and 21 applies even more to this, first because we are all at different levels of understanding the word of God. God states in his word that his thoughts are not our thoughts his ways are not our ways.(Isa 55:8+9) therefore if we are to understand the full Council of God we must follow God's instructions as are laid out in (Isa 28:9+10)" precept upon precept line upon line here little there little" and totally rely on the Holy Spirit leading us into all truth. I believe recently the Holy Spirit has shown to me that I have been reading his word with eyes that can only see the way it's been preached to me. Recently through the teachings of a man of God I read some scriptures in the Gospel of John chapter 21 vs9 10 + 11 and he brought out something that I had never seen before. He made mention that when Jesus contacted the disciples that went fishing and had caught nothing the whole night and told them to cast on the other side of their boat. We read that the catch was so great they couldn't pull it into the boat. Verse 11 mentions 153 fish that were caught. He explained how there are many different theories on this but the one that made the most sense to him was that in the Hebrew each letter is assigned a number and when you add them all together and come up with a hundred and fifty three, the Hebrew phrase is" I am the Lord thy God". Because of this teaching whether you wish to accept it or not it is open my eyes to a different way of reading God's word. In the world when a man goes out searching for treasure he doesn't simply go out dig a hole and find a pot of gold he may spend years months or whatever in research looking through logs journals personal letters testimonies from other people and then with all his research you will go out and more than likely find the treasure that has been hidden from other people's eyes for hundreds of years. There are many truths that I now call Treasures in the word of God that we simply just cannot read and see, you must research with the eyes of the Holy Spirit find the letters the personal testimonies the witnesses that lead you to the ultimate truth that God wants you to know. And that is that he loves you and wants you to have all of his treasures that he has set forth in his word for you to find and through the blood of Jesus and the Holy Spirit and the loving-kindness of a father I am now on that Journey. I hope you will find your way in that Journey as I have to a better understanding of the love of God for his creation. And even more so has the time of his return draws even closer I hope you will find Salvation in the blood of Jesus and his sacrifice on the cross for us, have a blessed day.😌👆

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Shane Gabriel
10/9/2018 04:20:23 pm

Perfect response. Sometimes with good Intention's we can over think. I think this is why we must come together as a Church with many voices in Christ to see and fully understand what the Bible is telling us.

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Joe Pennington
1/19/2019 10:53:56 am

I believe the waterw merely giving representation to the West on which Jesus preached and responded to questioning by the Jews often. I believe the Lord has had purpose in the word for that is special and relative to every single person who searches understanding of it. Often when I see those knowledgeable in scripture are quick to shrink the size of the purpose of the Lord. Do you really believe the living word yeilds to the logistical purpose of John as he writed it or is it capable of addition to every soul who seeks it's knowledge with the Lord thru request in heart? Since we are taught to believe the Lord is limitless why do we try giving his word the smallest limitation possible in interpretation? Regardless even John's logistical intent, he was wise in knowing the Lord speaks to our hearts and I'm certain John wanted the Scriptures to hold true as limitless as possible toti the day of rapture at it has back then. We are all just the farmers, the Lord confirm the seed of faith and nurtures it with Grace etc. To be as Jesus and leave enough thru implying that any who read it wonder enough about his true intended message it makes way to their hearts and they receive increase in understanding directly from the father. That is the main thing needed in the end, some need more study material others less to learn how to pour their hearts into the Lord and of what things please him. I just see two Christians Demings to care about the Lord, but are unable even to discern enough things to find reason to help increase each other's message and you're both nearly lessened by your comments and the path thinned. So are you the hot water while the writer is the cold? He increased first commenters take on how to expand her way of fishdiscer scripture, what gains were you aiming to achieve? Because I see so often church goers are the largest group that turns people away from God. And they day they are protecting them yet they don't finish their correcting by realigning them better with the Lord. They lower they others view of heaven and leave feeling puffed up usually. It is as the Lord said, near the end Scripture will be yeilded as a way to turn many away from the Lord and I see it everywhere. I love you brother and sisters, I don't need you to explain I am going to hope I am just wrong and stuff got lost in worryin that doesn't happen so much in person. But if I was right u just wanted to point out a potential increase for you as the criticizer if you truly are searching for the glory of God and absolution of your secured place in heaven. I believe we are all too small to see and likely the Lord turns all this into equal positive impact of the full picture, but I'm full of Hope they wisdom I'd like to believe one day.

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Janet
4/28/2019 09:00:04 am

Excellent!

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Carolyn Kinsey
10/12/2019 11:00:04 am

Beautiful

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Mike Stone
12/29/2017 05:12:01 am

I laud any earnest, true effort aimed at getting at the truth of God's word. We have all suffered so very much by having tried to 'stand' upon common interpretations of scripture only to have the bottom fall out - as those interpretations proved to be wrong, and therefore insufficient to hold us up. Pain, suffering and disillusionment being the 'fruit'. I have to say that I agree with "Pascal Grenade". Knowing the context in which a passage is found is important and though the explanation given of the historical context of Rev 3:15-16 presented in this article may well be accurate it does not, in my opinion, detract from the simple truth it offers. God, prefers that men (mankind) deal with Him: who He is, who He is not and with who we are and with who we are not. Participating in those mental exercises (Eccl 1:) of discovery is painful business. To say that doing so 'upsets the apple cart' of our lives is an understatement. Coming out from under the myriad of illusions of this world, including those WITHIN common Christian thinking is trying, painful, threatening, uncomfortable etc. "Learning brings pain". Yet God calls us to it. Sometimes that means we are "cold" - hurting, reacting to God's challenges to our thoughts our beliefs. Sometimes we recoil, get angry (even at God, yes, even at God - for those who do not agree with that, you have obviously never read the scriptures) withdraw etc as we are dealing with His challenges to us. THAT 'cold'ness is all part of the process of discarding falsehood/illusion and discovering instead the truth. Being "hot" is, in my opinion, a description of that season of the process of coming to know Him in which the challenge is compounded by anger toward Him, or the frustration that goes along with being challenged by Him to more toward truth. Hot or cold - both are good. And what about "lukewarm"? Well, that is the status that we ALL, by default, seek to enter into - not moved, not provoked, not challenges, sitting still, not allowing ourselves to be engaged, no growth.... doing all we can to avoid ANY provocation of any sort. God did not allow us to stay here on this exceeding difficult planet to have our paradigm be one of 'lukewarmness". Rather, He would have us "hot" or "cold" wherein we will move from ignorance to understanding. Remember what God told us "above all things get UNDERSTANDING" (of Him and of ourselves .... according to Him).

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Howard James link
1/14/2018 02:54:30 pm

Why must people complicate the simplicity of the gospel by insinuating you need to have an extensive knowledge of history to understand its meaning ?
Does it make you feel spiritual?
If this knowledge was necessary to understand his meaning, why didn't he include it in his word?

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Chris Jackson
4/10/2018 12:53:10 pm

The Bible was not written to you, it was written for you.

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Espen Johansen
11/11/2018 05:15:50 am

its about beliving Jesus as Your saviour , its not about Your feelings , its about Christ crusified for you, , its about the 10 virgins are you born again ? , its about Moseaic covenant and the New covenant , you cant put New wine in and old wineskin , what kind of rigousness do you have if you stand in Your own Works , or try to mix them With His obedience ? Your faith is on His given righousness for you , satan is the acuser of the Brothers, and he acuse Your righousness, , since you dont have any its not your problem , here is a strange sqripture , WE are sanctified by JESUS , 1 Corinthians 7:14
For the unbelieving husband is sanctified by the wife, and the unbelieving wife is sanctified by the husband: else were your children unclean; but now are they holy.

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Eche~Friend of God
5/16/2019 10:22:44 pm

Thanks to everyone of you fellow Christians. I appreciate the contributions done in love. I came in here searching for clarity on the scripture text and Paul Penley did a good job with the explanation. Other deductions are noted. To my friend Howard James, I see your point but then we would remember that the bible tells us that we find by seeking, we enter by knocking, we receive by asking. . We are also asked to study the Word and not read. Study is a more vigorous exercise that leads to research and meditation and prayer. . . It is true that no scripture is of a private interpretation but sincerely.
It is ok to go back in history. Notice that the there are mostly same message in Matthew and Luke and Mark but different language structure. It is therefore okay to try to understand how the different men communicated and to whom.
In conclusion, it is dependence on the Spirit that is paramount even as we learn in hope. . .

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Steven P. Miller link
9/23/2019 05:24:55 pm

“The seven stars are the angels [messengers] of the seven churches, and the seven lampstands which you saw are the seven churches” (Revelation 1:20).

Remember, the symbols are the stars and the lampstands; the objects of those symbols—the things they symbolize—are the seven angels, or messengers, and the seven churches. There is no good reason to assume that the seven angels (symbolized by the seven stars) are themselves symbols of something else; nor is it reasonable to assume that the seven churches (symbolized by the seven golden lampstands) are symbols of church ages. The Revelator says plainly that the seven golden lampstands (obvious symbols) ARE the seven churches, and He identifies those seven churches as “seven churches which are in Asia” (1:11).

Jesus Christ is the infallible Revelator. He alone can infallibly interpret the symbols of the book of Revelation. Here, He reveals the meaning of the symbolic stars and lamp-stands.

Now if the infallible Revelator tells us that the seven lamp-stands ARE the seven churches of Asia, then we should simply believe it. All of us—including the dispensationalists—should be able to agree on this. And most—if not all—do agree on this point. As noted above, Hal Lindsey believes that the messages of Revelation 2 and 3 were sent to, and received by, seven literal churches in Asia Minor. The Sabbath-keeping “Church of God” groups that teach “church eras” also accept this. The problem is that some move beyond the Revelator’s own interpretations and begin to teach as doctrine things the Revelator did not say.

Jesus Christ did not say that the seven lamp stands are seven church ages. He said plainly that the lampstands ARE the seven churches of Asia—churches located in Ephesus, Smyrna, Pergamos, Thyatira, Sardis, Philadelphia, and Laodicea. Therefore, if we say that we believe that the seven lampstands (churches) are something other than, or in addition to, what Christ plainly says they are, then it is imperative that we admit that we are speculating!

We can all say with certainty that the seven churches really existed, that they were located in Asia Minor, and that John wrote to them. But we cannot say with certainty that the seven churches represent seven church ages spanning some 2,000 years; nor can we say with certainty that the seven churches represent seven organizations or movements in the time of the end.

But this we can say: The messages to the seven churches are for anyone “who has an ear” and is willing to “hear what the Spirit says to the churches” (2:7,11,17,29; 3:6,13,22). So rather than engage in the unfruitful practice of labeling churches with “Laodicea” or “Philadelphia” or “Sardis,” let’s hear what the Spirit says to us in these seven messages. The Porter is the last word you shall hear before the Arch angel makes his entrance

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qibbly
11/22/2019 01:28:54 pm

Brother. This was excellent. Great food for this evening. Keep refreshing and walking in Holiness my brother. Great job you made here. I now have a much better understanding of just how vivid Our LORD JESUS CHRIST, is about our decisions and actions towards the will of GOD.

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TD Jakes Sermons link
11/22/2020 02:14:00 am

God bless you so much.

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Kevin link
1/17/2021 11:18:26 am

Oh my goodness man ! What a clever analogy !
Hey listen dude .... to honestly believe that your interpretation is any where near correct one would have to have university degrees in all kinds of man made wisdom ..... Jesus wasn’t talking to those educated folks in Rev :3 .... he was talking to the likes of me NOW ! And anyone else who reads it! Jesus never said ‘I didn’t come for the stupid and simple but I came to feed the educated with my cleverness’ thank Jesus for Holy Spirits truth He sent to us so as not to see His people deceived with clever arguments .
Get HOT for Jesus people ! Tell someone , anyone about His amazing Love for them today dude !

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