Reenacting the Way
Join the BOOK conversation on Facebook
  • Book
  • Video
  • Author
  • Reviews
  • B.IQ Test
  • Seminar
    • Watch Bible Seminar
  • Contact
  • Blog

“Turning the Other Cheek”: Jesus’ Peaceful Plan to Challenge Injustice

4/18/2013

49 Comments

 
Picture
Most of us have heard about Jesus’ command to “turn the other cheek” (Matt 5:39). This adage has been mistakenly interpreted as Jesus’ support for becoming a doormat underneath the feet of aggressors. We often think the message is to let people beat us up. It verges on religiously motivated masochism.

To take Jesus’ advice as a call to compliant capitulation is a dangerous mistake. It is an interpretation that fails to see his cultural context. It would be like taking Paul’s command for women not to braid their hair as universal condemnation of woven locks (1 Timothy 2:9). Or, you might literally heave a tin can of fiery coals at your enemy’s face because Paul said loving your enemies led to heaping burning coals on their head (Romans 12:20). Such shortsighted interpretation moved me to investigate the cultural meaning behind Jesus’ most mysterious actions in my latest book Reenacting the Way (of Jesus). Here’s what I discovered about the real meaning behind Jesus’ command to turn the other cheek toward an aggressor (props to Walter Wink et al for this insight).

Getting Slapped by Roman Soldiers

In Jesus’ day Roman soldiers strutted arrogantly around Israel. The Jewish land was Roman occupied territory. There was no love lost between the occupying soldiers and the Israelite population. When a soldier decided that he needed a Jew’s goods or services, resistance was futile. The Jewish subject better be quick to fetch water, strong enough to carry a load, and ready to give away his shirt or else. If the subject could not perform the request to the soldier’s liking, then a quick backhand to the face was not far behind. This was the situation Jesus addressed in the Sermon on the Mount.

“If someone slaps you on the right cheek, turn the other cheek toward him.” The statement seems to imply that one should invite an aggressor to leave no part of the face out of a good beating. This statement does not sit well among Bible readers who believe that a man should protect his property and family against aggression. It really does not sit well in the mind of the careful and culturally informed reader.

Jesus does not just tell someone who takes a fist to the face to expose the uninjured side. He gives clear instruction to expose the left cheek. This leads to a couple important questions. Why would Jesus indicate that the first blow will come to the right cheek? Why would he instruct someone to offer the left cheek to an attacking Roman soldier?

The answer is simple. Roman soldiers tended to be right-handed. When they struck an equal with a fist, it came from the right and made contact with the left side of the face. When they struck an inferior person, they swung with the back of their right hand making contact with the right cheek. In a Mediterranean culture that made clear distinctions between classes, Roman soldiers backhanded their subjects to make a point. Jews were second-class. No one thought twice about the rectitude of treating lesser people with less respect.

Peaceful Subversion

When Jesus tells fellow Jews to expose the left cheek, he is calling for “peaceful subversion.” He does not want them to retaliate in anger nor to shrink in some false sense of meekness. He wants to force the Roman soldiers to treat them like equals. He wants the Jews to stand up and demand respect. He wants to make each attacker stop and think about how they are mistreating another human being. It is the same motivation behind his command to “go an extra mile” after a soldier forced you to carry water for the first mile (Matt 5:41). It is intended to activate the soldier’s conscience.

Jesus’ command to “turn the other cheek” is ultimately a call to peaceful resistance. It is the mantra of reformers inspired (at least in part) by Jesus like Gandhi and Martin Luther King Jr. Elsewhere in the Bible the books of Proverbs and Romans call it “heaping burning coals upon your enemy’s head.” That expression is an ancient Near Eastern mourning ritual. People put ashes on their head to express deep sorrow or regret. The apostle Paul’s call to “overcome evil with good” and thereby “heap burning coals on an enemy’s head” is a call to shame evil people into repentance. It is a peaceful plan to subvert cultural evils.

A Long-Term Plan for Change

“Turning the other cheek” is not blanket acceptance of brutality. It is a strategy for motivating others to change. Specifically, it’s a method for reforming people who abuse their power.

If you meet evil with evil and blow for blow, the cycle of vengeance will never end. Palestinians displaced from their land who shoot rockets at Israelis will only escalate the Middle East crisis. The same goes for Israeli soldiers who break into Palestinian homes and leave it full of bullet casings after killing their neighbors without explanation or warrant. Violence will beget violence unless someone is strong enough to rise above.

Nelson Mandela knows how “peaceful subversion” works. It doesn’t happen quickly. It takes an inordinate amount of courage and character. For Mandela it took 27 years in a prison on Robin Island. But eventually the Apartheid’s treatment of black South Africans brought them universal shame. The world could no longer allow the Apartheid to continue its reign after witnessing so many stark examples of extreme brutality and injustice. Mandela did not fight back (though he had considered plans to do so and members of his movement unfortunately did). Mandela also did not silently submit to an existence of inhumane treatment. He stood up. He raised his voice. He took it on the chin and in so doing demonstrated the inhumanity of their aggressors. An entire country is different because he did.

“Peaceful subversion” is one among many of Jesus’ plans for changing the world. You’ll miss it if you misunderstand his cultural context. Jesus didn’t command us to get beat up. He commanded us to activate people’s consciousness of injustice.

In our day-to-day, it may mean responding with kind and selfless words when a boss has come on the attack with accusatory and thoughtless one-liners. You follow up his attack with a stop by his office where you compliment his demonstrated strengths. You show him how to empower someone thoughtfully so that he sees the contrast between his diminutive assault and your perceptive edification. You don’t fire back with a cheap shot. You step back into his space with love. He may just fire away again, but he might also become aware of his heartlessness. Don’t expect it to work immediately. It took Nelson Mandela 27 years in prison.
Picture
If you want to uncover the purpose behind more of Jesus' mysterious actions and recommendations by studying the ancient cultural context, read my latest book Reenacting the Way (of Jesus).
49 Comments
Dave
4/19/2013 09:46:29 am

Paul,

Thanks for your careful and thoughtful interpretation of this text in its cultural context. To say the least, it's very insightful and challenging. I think your examples of Gandhi, MLK and Mandela are very appropriate. They are all examples of people using peaceful subversion to resist a more powerful authority committing unjust oppression.

I do, however, question if the application to the "war on terror" is fair. Those who instigate the acts of terror are not more powerful in terms of military might. They are not authority figures over the people who have chosen to respond to their acts of terror. While their acts are unjust, they do not oppress those who have responded to them. I'm also unsure if it is fair to characterize the strategy of the entire "war on terror" as "slaughter those who slaughter." I have personally witnessed Soldiers show an extreme measure of restraint because things like rules of engagement and escalation of force. I have also witnessed our Soldiers remove detainees from local country prisons because they were being tortured. If you're referring to drone strikes, I think that few people realize how small a part of the overall war effort that tactic really is.

I'm not saying that this text can't apply to the war on terror. I'm only saying that it seems out of place among your other illustrations/applications. I'm also not saying that other scriptures may have an application against the policy of "the war on terror."

Personally, I see it more as governing authorities seeking to protect their citizens by bringing those who have or plan to do them harm to justice or to face the consequences of resisting those efforts. I think I could make a case for application of Romans 13 here, but that may be stretching things as well. I also know the context of my ministry colors my ability to be objective about "the war on terror."

Again, I greatly appreciate and respect your interpretation. I will reflect on it in the days to come and seek to apply it to my life in my context. Thank you for all you do for His glory.

-Dave

Reply
Paul Penley (blog author)
3/30/2018 12:51:05 pm

I have considered your feedback about the difference between authorities abusing their power and terrorists compromising the safety of the state (and the people in it). I changed my present-day example to the Palestinian-Israeli conflict as a result. I agree with you that the dynamics in the “war on terror” are markedly different than Jesus’ contemporary problem with an oppressive occupying force.

Reply
G-JONES
1/27/2023 01:59:20 am

Hello everyone out there who is trying to win the lottery. I bring you good news on how you can get the lottery winning numbers. I want to use this great opportunity to thank Dr Kumar for helping me to win the lottery jackpot, I saw a comment on Youtube on how to get the winning numbers by contacting Dr Kumar and I also saw so many Testimony about this same man Dr Kumar of how he gave out lottery numbers to so many people to win the lottery. I contacted him and he also sent me the lottery numbers which I played and I won $45m. You can contact Dr Kumar on email : spellcasttemple@gmail.com or WhatsApp +2347051705853

Ronnie
7/11/2018 06:45:53 am

Thanks

Reply
Nathan Hunt
6/9/2014 01:43:04 pm

Thanks for your presentation of this idea. The first time I heard it--from a seminary prof--along with Wink's reinterpretation of the other two peaceful retaliation passages, it was framed as a way to publicly shame our abusers thereby forcing them to stop. I rejected this interpretation because I believe shame is part of what Jesus came to free people from, not a tactic of the Kingdom. Your emphasis on asserting personal humanity and equality redefines the intention. I haven't read Wink directly on this subject. Is this possibly the context in which he originally wrote it? Very helpful, thank you.

Reply
Mike
2/8/2017 04:24:51 pm

So glad you pointed out "shame" as also the problem. It is MY motivation that is important. Do I return fist for a fist, only demonstrating to both that bodily/separate identity is being chosen. Or do I turn the left cheek, and choose my equality because we are both One (i.e. Love)? The latter would have no intent to shame. That the offender may go through a shame cycle may be part of their path, but would be no more part of my intent than violence of any kind would be.

Reply
Charles Rupert
6/5/2022 01:01:23 pm

Shame is a proper motivator for the unsaved to seek forgiveness; as is fear, depression, and many other negative feelings that we experience without Christ. In order to seek Jesus to heal one's shame, one must first experience shame. Fear of God's punishment drove me find I have nothing to fear...now.

Reply
Amos Mathias
8/26/2014 03:15:59 am

I am so much worried about this passage considering the persecutions the Nigerian Christians more especially in the North around Borno State were Christian worship is no longer allowed in some areas and the kidnapping of over 200 school girls with 90% of them Christians and were force to denounce their faith. I understand that the passage only applies only with issues concerning person to person or a person to a group. What of the likes of the Nigerian situation where Boko Haram is myrtiering Christian do both Christian and the Government now keep quiet while they perpetrate ther evil? Please in this case what will you say about this?

Reply
Amos Mathias
8/26/2014 03:27:37 am

I am so much worried about this passage considering the persecutions the Nigerian Christians are passing through more especially in the North around Borno State where Christians worship is no longer allowed in some areas and the kidnapping of over 200 school girls with 90% of them Christians and were force to denounce their faiths. Its seems that the passage applies to issues concerning person to person or a person to a group. What of the likes of the Nigerian situation where Boko Haram is myrtiering Christians do both Christians and the Government turn their right cheeks for this men to perpetrate their evil? In this scenario what have you to say?

Reply
Amos Mathias
8/26/2014 03:28:03 am

I am so much worried about this passage considering the persecutions the Nigerian Christians are passing through more especially in the North around Borno State where Christians worship is no longer allowed in some areas and the kidnapping of over 200 school girls with 90% of them Christians and were force to denounce their faiths. Its seems that the passage applies to issues concerning person to person or a person to a group. What of the likes of the Nigerian situation where Boko Haram is myrtiering Christians do both Christians and the Government turn their right cheeks for this men to perpetrate their evil? In this scenario what have you to say?

Reply
Amos Mathias
8/26/2014 03:28:15 am

I am so much worried about this passage considering the persecutions the Nigerian Christians are passing through more especially in the North around Borno State where Christians worship is no longer allowed in some areas and the kidnapping of over 200 school girls with 90% of them Christians and were force to denounce their faiths. Its seems that the passage applies to issues concerning person to person or a person to a group. What of the likes of the Nigerian situation where Boko Haram is myrtiering Christians do both Christians and the Government turn their right cheeks for this men to perpetrate their evil? In this scenario what have you to say?

Reply
Amos Mathias Wadings
8/26/2014 03:29:03 am

I am so much worried about this passage considering the persecutions the Nigerian Christians are passing through more especially in the North around Borno State where Christians worship is no longer allowed in some areas and the kidnapping of over 200 school girls with 90% of them Christians and were force to denounce their faiths. Its seems that the passage applies to issues concerning person to person or a person to a group. What of the likes of the Nigerian situation where Boko Haram is myrtiering Christians do both Christians and the Government turn their right cheeks for this men to perpetrate their evil? In this scenario what have you to say?

Reply
Paul
5/14/2015 11:09:09 am

What a remarkably tough situation to face in Nigeria. I believe the historical context of Jesus' comments help us not to apply the principle in remarkably dissimilar situations. In fact, proper application of scripture should identify multiple parallels between an ancient and modern situation before concluding we should do the exact same thing. Since Boko Haram functions as a terrorist organization and Rome functioned as an empire ruled by law and a senate (though abusive to its enemies), it presents different contexts. I don't have an adequate understanding of the dynamics in Nigeria, but those Christians there have to determine what will accomplish Jesus' same purpose possibly in very different ways than letting themselves be kidnapped. The questions is: what action will boldly move the militants to repent or be shamed even if you suffer for it? Jesus' way is not the easy way.

Reply
Edward Hara
4/1/2021 06:03:21 am

I believe you are correct in your assessment. The way of Christ from the beginning shows us that those who were being killed for the faith accepted this. They had a deep faith which did not cling to thise world. Look at St. Ignatius, who pleaded with those who loved him not to try to rescue him from the waiting lions.

The history of the Christian faith is absolutely filled with martyrdom, and in the 20th century, more than all other centuries combined. Yet is this not exactly what Christ promised when He said "If the world hates you, know that it hated me first." We are promised that those who will live godly in Christ Jesus will suffer persecution. Not may...but WILL.

I think our modern problem is that we have not developed a rich and deep faith in Christ (I speak for myself especially here) in which we are able to see death not as enemy, but as doorway to true life.

Yves link
9/27/2014 02:32:30 am

Beautifully written. I plan to share your explanation on my website (in a forum discussion). My best....Yves

Reply
david
4/9/2017 09:28:10 am

Your example of Nelson Mandela is disturbing and perhaps even self defeating. Nelson Mandela was a terrorist who burnt people alive with vehicle tires and gasoline. His followers continued this practice while he was incarcerated.
Apart from the Mandela gaffe, I loved your explanation, especially the significance of the left cheek/right cheek. Thank you.

Reply
erna bruwer
12/8/2017 09:38:25 am

David- you are totally right about Nelson Mandela! The ANC has run this country down the drain and the white farmers and their families are being killed in the most inhuman ways possible. Women as old as 90 years old getting raped, burned with irons. They poured boiling water into a 12 year old boy's throat! The list is just too long and horrible to mention here......God can help us!

Reply
Paul Penley
3/30/2018 12:56:11 pm

Your cautionary words about how Mandela’s political party and compatriots show us how rarely someone, and never an entire group, stays non-violent when responding to present or past injustice. Gandhi himself has a mixed record where he eliminated a statement about the equality of all people in the Indian constitution because he believed black people and lower castes were inferior.

Pamela Tucker
8/6/2018 12:51:32 pm

Were you as vocal during the injustices of apartheid, the rapes, murders, indignities to man, woman, or child. Probably not -- wrong color, right?

Reply
Dani
5/6/2019 04:51:44 am

Nelson Mandela is celebrated as few other historical figures are. It is in this context he can be deconstructed and criticized for supporting acts of terrorism. The situational context of the injustice and brutality of apartheid as well as our biases can be instrumental in how we interpret him.

Jon
12/3/2017 07:33:31 am

Great insight! Thank you! The part about the heaping of coals is also a passage that is often misterpreted like turn the other cheek. It actually was not a reference to shame or convict someone for their actions but a reference to a literary work of the time and a cultural practice. People in a village community would go to designated places to pick up hot coals in containers on their heads in order to carry them back to their fires for cooking. So the reference is about overcoming evil with good by recognizing retaliating only continues to spread evil. When we love we heap coals of love, mercy, and goodness that can potentially lesson the harshness they carry to others. Shame can often perpetrate more anger and wrong doing. Heaping coals goes well with activating their conscience concerning their behavior, but the motivation is not shaming them or scorning them to repentance for that is not love it's just a different kind of passive aggressive manipulative retaliation. Heaping coals has to do with not letting another person's actions determine your love but instead being the aroma of Christ. It is about moving in a different spirit, and in so doing making a difference in this world.

Reply
Charles Rupert
6/5/2022 01:24:56 pm

Shame is not the GOAL of the Christian. That does not mean shame is not a result of turning one's cheek. In fact, it is a VERY LIKELY result if the aggressor is affected positively. Actually, it's hard to imagine an aggressor being affected to change WITHOUT feeling shame by comparison. So it is, in effect, heaping shame upon him that burns like coals--but that shame comes from within.

Reply
Stacy
3/25/2018 02:08:31 am

Thanks for the article.
I've been talking to a guy on YouTube that thinks you're supposed to turn the other cheek at all times.
I asked him what if a person breaks into your home and is going to rape your wife in front of him. I asked him, would he look at his wife while she begged him to help her and say, 'Sorry, honey, but I have to turn the other cheek' or would he defend her at all cost? He actually said he would turn the other cheek. His reason? Because Jesus took a beating by the Romans and did not fight back. He was then Crucified.
I told him that if Jesus said any thing or fought back, He would win. He wouldn't have died for our sins and we'd all be doomed for hell.
I believe in protecting my family from evil by any means necessary.
I couldn't just sit there and watch them get tortured when I know I could stop it.
What do you think?

Reply
Mike link
3/25/2018 12:58:59 pm

There's a wonderful story in a great book The Miracle of Real Forgiveness (Tom Carpernter). A nurse in Manhattan riding a night subway is faced with her biggest fear - being alone with a man in the car. She decides to practice forgiveness she's been learning at a conference on A Course in Miracles. She reminds herself that it is her "personal" history that has given this meaning to this situatioin. She chooses to let that be changed (including asking internally - "God" - how to see and respond to this in a new way). She feels inspired to ask the man to escort her home.. At her door she feels inspired to confess her attack fears he had triggered. After a pause, he confesses he had planned to, and walks away in peace.

"Turning the other cheeck" was creative non violence for that situatiion in those times. It comes after accepting/understaning it is our own defensive/fear posture that invites being shared/acted out with others (and attack is just further defensivieness, justified as "preemptive"). When we call a a "future" possibility "realistic", we have already shut down our creative, inspired possiblities in any actual moment. This is faith (but doesn't preclude "practice" for a time to reverse our upside down mindset). A faith that persevers, because that nurse could have reverted to her fear being justified, She continued to choose to see how her letting go of fear was part of the breaking of the cycle of fear. This loving message was extended to her at the conference, it continued to extend to the man, to the book author, to me, and now to you.

Reply
Rob
5/5/2018 06:18:54 am

Stacy-
Not to put words in another's mouth, but I believe the author answers your question at the beginning of the article:

"This adage has been mistakenly interpreted as Jesus’ support for becoming a doormat underneath the feet of aggressors."

While there is an interpretation to avoid violence, I believe this verse in cultural context is more about human equality. Admittedly, I have never been one to take the gentle approach, but I would rather protect my family and ask for forgiveness, than sit by and do nothing, which would be somewhat cowardly in my view.

Reply
Charles Rupert
6/5/2022 01:32:40 pm

I think the OP was very clear in explaining that the author was speaking about an insulting slap--not a crushing blow meant to incapacitate the victim. I'm not sure what more could be added.

Reply
E. Dean Cozzens
5/3/2019 04:50:46 pm

I think that one of the best examples of turning the other cheek I've ever seen portrayed in a movie was when Rachel stood up to her prospective mother-in-law in the movie CRAZY RICH ASIANS. First of all, most probably missed this but that movie, sort of an Asian remake of the Cinderella story, tells the Gospel in a most wonderful way. Nicholas (a Christian name) came from the glory of his family's wealth to meet and seek out Rachel (means little lamb). This is Jesus coming for the bride.

Then he decides to take her to meet his family and to show her his kingdom. When he introduces Rachel to his matriarchal grandmother and his mother, both reject her as coming from an unworthy family. Standing above Rachel at the top of the staircase in the opulent family home, Nick's mother looks down at her and says, in a highly rejecting tone, "You will never been good enough."

This represents the condemnation of the Law.

Rachel then runs off in to the Dark night of the Soul, where he lays in bed depressed and rejected.

Then the Holy Spirit comes to her in the form of her mother and also her goofy best friend, who tells her, "You have to stand up to her...you have to earn her respect."

So Rachel sets up a meeting wherein they play some kind of Asian game. In the game Rachel tells her, "Nick asked me to marry him, and said he was willing to leave the family to do it, but I said no, because I didn't want to hurt your family." As he says this she lays down the winning chip and lets the mother win when Rachel had the winning chip. This is "the meek shall inherit."

But in facing the mother in the game, she was standing her ground and turning the other cheek. I do not see this as defiance. Defiance would have just ran off and got married. Rather, it is holding one's dignity and posture together while yielding the choice graciously.

Reply
Paul Penley (author)
5/5/2019 12:05:37 pm

Awesome example. Thanks for sharing. Your job: “Stand up... and earn respect”. Their job: repent and treat you honorably. It doesn’t always work out, but it is Jesus’ method of peaceful subversion.

Reply
E. Dean Cozzens
5/16/2019 07:59:22 am

I have heard a different view on heaping burning coals on an enemy’s head. There is another custom from that time and place that comes from the Bedouin culture where fire was important for cooking and keeping warm. Sometimes person’s fire would go out. A loving neighbor would then give the fireless friend some of their hot coals so they could have fire again. These newly acquired hot coals were then put in some kind of a bundle and carried home on top of their heads. So it is an act of kindness and generosity to help them restart their fire. (Great symbolism there.) A movie that depicts this well is the 2018 movie BEST OF ENEMIES where acts of kindness across racial lines between racist enemies broke racial strife.

Reply
Salofin Turnalio
10/15/2019 12:18:04 pm

This is phenomenally bad advice to poor laborers. Defiance to slavery owners or Roman masters would be met with thrashings. You can’t guilt a Roman. Jesus is not Gandhi. Gandhi would have been crushed under the Nazis, and MLK disappeared in a Latin American dictatorship. Asking a peasant who has worked before sunup until after sundown to walk four unnecessary miles? That’s not love. That’s cruelty and it’s privilege talking. Sorry, this is just submissive ideology that serves the masters. Nelson Mandela would not have been able to accomplish what he did without the Revolutionary MILITARY RESISTANCE that Angola put up to the Apartheid regime with the help of Cuba.

If Jesus was advising peasants to walk four extra miles in a day or to give necessary clothing it would take days of labor to replace, he hated the poor. Straight up and no two ways about it. He either loved the poor and meant something very different than these lines are usually interpreted or he hated the poor. Or these are later interpolations from masters trying to keep skates submissive, of which interpolations we have plenty of evil examples in the Epistles.

Sorry if I bring difficult truth, but it’s truth nonetheless.

Reply
Paul Penley
10/16/2019 09:31:31 pm

Thanks for offering your opinion. We don’t get much liberation theology in the discussion here.

Reply
Janet
11/7/2019 08:42:19 am

I am organizing the meaning of each of the 12 disciples for meditation. I found your site in this pursuit. Strong's interpretation of the Greek is...

Disciplined-James judges only from disciplined-John’s love, ever turning the other cheek and at all times returning good for evil, love for hate, nonviolence for violence: Resist (anthístēmi) and turn with strength (strapheis) from evil to righteousness

Peaceful resistance is God's antidote to evil, because God so loved the world.

Reply
Stephen Kiraly
6/4/2020 03:39:45 am

To turn the other cheek was Jesus' most important teaching. It is what separates Christianity from most other religions, including Judaism. It is why extreme Christians tend to become pacifists rather than suicide bombers. Jesus wasn't the first to say it, but Jesus was the one to emphasize it. It was his core teaching, and yes, he really did mean it. https://biblereasons.com/turning-the-other-cheek/

Reply
Carolyn Gibson
11/1/2020 09:10:31 pm

Thank you so much for a better understanding of this passage of scripture.
We are living in a time now where folk will use scripture such as this to abuse their authority

Reply
Illinois Amateurs link
2/2/2021 06:17:56 pm

I appreciate the time to write this post

Reply
Sonny link
6/16/2021 03:12:47 pm

Hello! I loved this blog and cited it in a sermon I did a few years back. I am in process of writing a book and would love to include 700 of your words from this blog in my chapter on peacemaking vs peacekeeping. Would you be willing to have me do that?

Reply
Paul Penley (author)
6/30/2021 06:45:11 pm

That would be great. Go for it!

Reply
Vipul Sharma link
5/29/2022 01:06:01 pm

IS THE CHRIST SPEAKING OF ABANDONING UKRAINE? I HAVE THE RIGHT OF AN ANSWER TRULY MEANINGFUL, AND I DEMAND ONE, YOU WHO WOULD LOVE ABANDONING UKRAINE AT THE MERCIES OF AN AUTHORITARIAN. THE CHRIST ALSO SAID FOLLOW THE WHOLE LAW, INCLUDING SAVING CHILDREN FROM ABORTION, AS HAPPENED AT TEXAS; SAFETY, NOT GUN CONTROL, IDIOT DEMOCRATS. WOULD YOU AR-15 ENTHUSIASTS WANT YOUR!!!...CHILDREN TAKEN CARE OF AT A JUDGING GOD!!!/// REMEMBER, ALL!!!...ABORTIONISTS ARE DESTINED TO EVERLASTING FIRE!!!... EITHER END THE VIOLENCE, OR ELSE INCUR THE WRATH OF THE ALMIGHTY!!!... REMEMBER, YOUR OWN!!!...CHILDREN MAY MISFIRE THEIR OWN WEAPONS AT THEIR OWN BODIES!!!... WHAT WILL BE YOUR DEFENSE THEN, UTTER UNCHRISTIAN ABORTIONISTS!!!...

Reply
CONGRATULATIONS
7/12/2022 07:55:12 pm


I'M THE MOST HAPPIEST WOMAN ON EARTH...I still can't believe my lover is back to me, DR.BALBOSA is a true god sent, I got my ex back to me within 48 hours. I had read some marvelous reviews about DR.BALBOSA before i called him and explained how my boyfriend left me for an older lady in TEXAS...i didn't know it would work so fast for me, DR.BALBOSA was so accurate... After telling him about my situation he did everything humanly possible to see that my lover come back to me...i volunteer to share my testimony to any person having issues with their relationship on this website that DR.BALBOSA is a real and powerful spell caster that rebuild any broken relationship or marriage with love spell. Never give up on your love, do feel free to Contact DR.BALBOSA from any part of the world on WHATSAPP AND CALL +1 707 412-0096. EMAIL: balbosasolutionhome@gmail.com and his VERIFIED WEBSITE: https://balbosasolutionhome.com from Lucia Berlin...🧡🧡🧡

Reply
Jack Whittaker
10/5/2022 05:21:32 am

Hi everyone reading this amazing testimony of mine and i want to give my own verdict on how you can win the lottery by contacting Dr Kumar for your lottery numbers. I started playing lottery games for years now and I have never won big. I went online to seek help to see if i could get some tips on how I can win bigger amounts on the lottery and I saw some nice reviews about Dr Kumar who has made different people huge winners in the lottery by sending them lottery numbers. I gave it a try and I contacted Dr Kumar by email and he told me how and what to do before I can become a big lotto winner and I accepted. He made special prayers for me at his temple and sent me the required lottery numbers to play and when I played it, I won a massive $235.4 million POWERBALL jackpot. I was so happy and I chose to receive my winnings in a one-time, lump-sum payment of $160,038,447.27 at Florida Lottery Headquarters in Tallahassee and the balance was given to the store that I bought & played the game from. I would love other people who want to win the lottery to seek help from Dr Kumar and he will also send you the lottery numbers and make you a winner just like me. You can reach Dr Kumar on email: spellcasttemple@gmail.com or WhatsApp +2347051705853 

Reply
Josh Buster
11/16/2022 09:32:47 am

All thank to Dr Ayoola, My name is Josh Buster I live in California, I want to let the world know how this man changed my life and that of my family. I have been playing jackpot for so many years now hoping to win and start my own business, I have been a driver and same time I have being playing lottery game for more than 10 years now each time I play I always run out of luck. one day I was browsing with my phone when I saw some testimonies about this man call Dr Ayoola on how he has helped people win lottery games, I was shook and I ask myself if this is true and also contacted this man for help and told him everything, why I contacted him. He asked me if I have been playing lottery game before now and I said yes. He told me that he will help me with the right number to win if only we work together which I told him I am ready to work with him. After working with him he gave me a number to play, after playing the number Dr Ayoola gave to me, I came out a winner of jackpot of 1,000,000 millions dollars all thanks to you Dr Ayoola for your help I am so happy now. And now I am fulfilling my promise by sharing your good work to the world. Dr Ayoola is a great man and a man GOD has sent to help people and put a smile on peoples face. Thank you for what you have done for me Dr Ayoola I will be for ever grateful to you, you can contact him if you are willing to change your story for good via drayoolasolutionhome@gmail.com or https://www.facebook.com/Dr-Ayoola-105640401516053/ text or call +14809032128

Reply
Morgan Gwen
11/20/2022 08:49:16 am

There are friends that really want you to be like them thank you my friend for telling me about Dr Ayoola. I was introduced to Dr Ayoola by my friend. me and my friend have been playing lottery games for some years now. and we are always running out of luck. One day my friend play and win. And I was surprise how my friend won the sun of 10 million euro I was asking him questions and he open up to me and told me it was by the help of Dr Ayoola so I ask him to help me. My friend gave me the contact of this great man call Dr Ayoola I contacted him and told him why I contacted him and also tell him I got his information form my friend. To cut the long story short Dr Ayoola help me with a winning number just as he did for my friend and I was able to won 13 million euro all thanks to you Dr Ayoola for your kind heart and for willing to help me and my friend I will for ever grateful to you sir because you have done what on one can do for me. You can contact him today and be the next to testify. this man is good when it come to giving winning numbers I will drop his details just Incase you need him to help you thank you sir you can contact him via drayoolasolutionhome@gmail.com or https://www.facebook.com/Dr-Ayoola-105640401516053/ text or call +14809032128

Reply
Morgan Gwen
11/20/2022 08:49:47 am

There are friends that really want you to be like them thank you my friend for telling me about Dr Ayoola. I was introduced to Dr Ayoola by my friend. me and my friend have been playing lottery games for some years now. and we are always running out of luck. One day my friend play and win. And I was surprise how my friend won the sun of 10 million euro I was asking him questions and he open up to me and told me it was by the help of Dr Ayoola so I ask him to help me. My friend gave me the contact of this great man call Dr Ayoola I contacted him and told him why I contacted him and also tell him I got his information form my friend. To cut the long story short Dr Ayoola help me with a winning number just as he did for my friend and I was able to won 13 million euro all thanks to you Dr Ayoola for your kind heart and for willing to help me and my friend I will for ever grateful to you sir because you have done what on one can do for me. You can contact him today and be the next to testify. this man is good when it come to giving winning numbers I will drop his details just Incase you need him to help you thank you sir you can contact him via drayoolasolutionhome@gmail.com or https://www.facebook.com/Dr-Ayoola-105640401516053/ text or call +14809032128

Reply
Caro San
11/27/2022 01:06:47 pm

Have you been playing  lottery and you have been praying to God to help you win big cry no more. Dr Ayoola is here to help you out  God has sent him to put a smile on peoples faces. I came across some comments on my Facebook when I was  reading some comments on my facebook. someone he help talk about this man I was amaze and I have been playing lottery for so many years now and I have been praying to God to send someone my way to help me out so I contact this man and told him what I want he promise and assure me that I'm going to win i believe and follow instructions and today I'm here sharing the same testimony to my friend out here after I play the number Dr Ayoola gave to me I won the same of 67,million dollars am so grateful to you Dr Ayoola for your help if you are out there and you want to win big in lottery contact Dr Ayoola he will help you out like he did to me contact him now drayoolasolutionhome@gmail.com or  https://www.facebook.com/Dr-Ayoola-105640401516053/  text or call +14809032128

Reply
Lincoln Paige
12/14/2022 05:07:31 am

Good day everybody. I’m here to share a testimony of how Dr. Kumar helped me to win the lottery. Words are not enough to thank him for the great thing he has done for me, he has really changed my life for good. I have been playing the lottery for years now and I have never won a big money before, i got so tired of it until I decided to look for ways to improve my chances of winning and I saw a testimony online of how Dr. Kumar has helped a lot of people to win the lottery by casting spells.. I quickly contacted him on the email that was present on one of the comments and explained my problem to him in which he cast a spell on my winning numbers and gave them to me to play and behold I won the sum of (72,000,000 USD). I’m a happy man now and i am totally grateful to Dr Kumar for what he did for me. If you need his help to win the lottery, you can contact him on email: spellcasttemple@gmail.com or WhatsApp +2347051705853 to send you the winning numbers.

Reply
G-jones
1/16/2023 06:10:42 am

Hello everyone out there who is trying to win the lottery. I bring you good news on how you can get the lottery winning numbers. I want to use this great opportunity to thank Dr Kumar for helping me to win the lottery jackpot, I saw a comment on Youtube on how to get the winning numbers by contacting Dr Kumar and I also saw so many Testimony about this same man Dr Kumar of how he gave out lottery numbers to so many people to win the lottery. I contacted him and he also send me the lottery numbers which i played and i won $45m. You can contact Dr Kumar on email : spellcasttemple@gmail.com or WhatsApp +2347051705853

Reply
G-JONES
1/27/2023 01:59:44 am

Hello everyone out there who is trying to win the lottery. I bring you good news on how you can get the lottery winning numbers. I want to use this great opportunity to thank Dr Kumar for helping me to win the lottery jackpot, I saw a comment on Youtube on how to get the winning numbers by contacting Dr Kumar and I also saw so many Testimony about this same man Dr Kumar of how he gave out lottery numbers to so many people to win the lottery. I contacted him and he also sent me the lottery numbers which I played and I won $45m.. You can contact Dr Kumar on email : spellcasttemple@gmail.com or WhatsApp +2347051705853

Reply
Jack Whittaker
1/27/2023 02:51:54 pm

Hi everyone reading this amazing testimony of mine and i want to give my own verdict on how you can win the lottery by contacting Dr Kumar for your lottery numbers. I started playing lottery games for years now and I have never won big. I went online to seek help to see if i could get some tips on how I can win bigger amounts on the lottery and I saw some nice reviews about Dr Kumar who has made different people huge winners in the lottery by sending them lottery numbers. I gave it a try and I contacted Dr Kumar by email and he told me how and what to do before I can become a big lotto winner and I accepted. He made special prayers for me at his temple and sent me the required lottery numbers to play and when I played it, I won a massive $235.4 million POWERBALL jackpot. I was so happy and I chose to receive my winnings in a one-time, lump-sum payment of $160,038,447.27 at Florida Lottery Headquarters in Tallahassee and the balance was given to the store that I bought & played the game from. I would love other people who want to win the lottery to seek help from Dr Kumar and he will also send you the lottery numbers and make you a winner just like me. You can reach Dr Kumar on email: spellcasttemple@gmail.com or WhatsApp +2347051705853 

Reply
Manuel Franco
2/2/2023 03:52:28 am

I just want to say Thank You to everyone who supported me through the years. My name is Manuel Franco, New Berlin, Wisconsin. My story of how I won the Powerball lottery of $768.4M is a bit of a tale. I have been playing Powerball tickets for 6 years now since I turned 18. I bought my first ticket on my 18 birthday. I was feeling very lucky that day because I had contacted Dr. Odunga Michael to help me with the winning Powerball numbers. I really had that great great feeling that I looked at the camera wanting to wink at it. I only did a tiny part of it and trusted him. He gave me the numbers after I played a couple other tickets along with it for $10. I checked my ticket after the winnings came online and saw the numbers were correct including the Power play. I screamed for about 10 minutes because it felt like a dream. I had won $768.4M. You can check my winning testimony with the lottery officials just with my name search. Thank you Dr Michael. Well, his email is odungaspelltemple@gmail.com and you can also call or Whats-app him at +2348167159012 so you guys can contact him

Reply



Leave a Reply.

    BUY the BOOK


    Author

    Paul Penley's training as a Bible scholar, life as a human being, and work as a philanthropic advisor overflows into this blog

    View my profile on LinkedIn
    Picture

    Top 5 Blogs

    1. Women Should Not Teach Men What?
    2. John Calvin Killed Rival Theologians
    3. Turning the Other Cheek
    4. I Wish You Were Cold or Hot, not Lukewarm
    5. When Heaven and Earth Passed Away
    Picture
    Picture

    Enter email address to receive monthly blogs:

    Delivered by FeedBurner

    Picture

    RSS Feed

    Categories

    All
    Bible Interpretation Gone Wrong
    Faith Isn't Knowing Everything
    How To Follow Jesus
    How To Study The Bible
    Ministries Gone Wrong
    Narrative Theology
    The Character Life Demands

    Archives

    January 2021
    May 2020
    March 2020
    December 2019
    October 2019
    August 2019
    July 2019
    June 2019
    April 2019
    March 2019
    February 2019
    January 2019
    December 2018
    November 2018
    July 2018
    June 2018
    March 2018
    February 2018
    December 2017
    November 2017
    September 2017
    July 2017
    May 2017
    March 2017
    February 2017
    December 2016
    June 2016
    May 2016
    March 2016
    October 2015
    August 2015
    July 2015
    June 2015
    May 2015
    March 2015
    February 2015
    December 2014
    November 2014
    September 2014
    August 2014
    June 2014
    February 2014
    January 2014
    December 2013
    November 2013
    September 2013
    August 2013
    July 2013
    June 2013
    May 2013
    April 2013
    March 2013
    February 2013

Powered by Create your own unique website with customizable templates.